Title | Enhancement of removal of trace organic contaminants by powdered activated carbon dosing into membrane bioreactors |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2014 |
Authors | Nguyen LN, Hai FI, Nghiem LD, Kang J, Price WE, Park C, Yamamoto K |
Journal | Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers |
Volume | 45 |
Issue | 2 |
Start Page | 571 |
Pagination | 571–578 |
Date Published | 03/2014 |
Keywords | Adsorption, Membrane bioreactor (MBR), Powdered activated carbon (PAC), Trace organic contaminants, Water recycling |
Abstract | This study compared the removal efficiency of 22 widespread trace organic contaminants by a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with and without direct addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the activated sludge reactor over a period of 312 days. The removal of hydrophilic and biologically persistent trace organic contaminants was immediately improved to above 95% after the addition of PAC into MBR. However, a compound-specific gradual decrease in removal underscored the requirement for the addition of fresh PAC. Adsorption onto PAC-added sludge appeared to play a significant role in the relatively more effective aqueous phase removal of a few resistant compounds such as carbamazepine in this study. A slower reduction in removal efficiency of compounds showing extraordinary persistence such as fenoprop and diclofenac was observed after raising the PAC concentration in the MBR from 0.1 to 0.5 g/L. Nevertheless, comparison of extent of removal in terms of PAC usage indicated the suitability of more frequent dosing of smaller amounts of PAC. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.05.021 |